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Variable
|
Reference category
|
Primary care visits (0 - 3 months)
|
|---|
|
IRR (95% CI)
|
P-value
|
aIRRa (95% CI)
|
P-value
|
|---|
|
Caregiver factors
|
|
Age (in years)
| |
1.013 (1.002, 1.023)
|
0.017
| | |
|
Gender
|
Male
|
0.845 (0.628, 1.136)
|
0.264
| | |
|
Ethnicity
|
Non-Chinese
|
1.195 (0.912, 1.567)
|
0.197
| | |
|
Marital status
|
Single
|
0.917 (0.671, 1.254)
|
0.589
| | |
|
Caregiver relationship
|
Spouse
| |
0.443
| | |
|
Adult-child
| |
0.809 (0.594, 1.101)
| | |
|
Sibling
| |
0.641 (0.283, 1.451)
| | |
|
Others
| |
0.943 (0.554, 1.605)
| | |
|
Comorbid conditions
|
None
| |
0.829
| | |
|
1
| |
0.856 (0.610, 1.202)
| | |
|
2
| |
0.924 (0.578, 1.477)
| | |
|
≥3
| |
1.008 (0.631, 1.611)
| | |
|
Co-residing with patient
|
No
|
1.290 (0.815, 2.043)
|
0.277
| | |
|
Caring for multiple care recipients
|
No
|
0.947 (0.724, 1.238)
|
0.691
| | |
|
Revised memory and behavior checklist
|
|
Memory problems
| |
0.937 (0.910, 0.965)
|
<0.001
|
0.954 (0.919, 0.990)
|
0.013
|
|
Depressive behavior problems
| |
0.959 (0.927, 0.992)
|
0.015
| | |
|
Disruptive behavior problems
| |
0.981 (0.943, 1.020)
|
0.333
| | |
|
Caregiver burden
|
|
Oberst caregiving burden scale
| |
0.972 (0.960, 0.984)
|
<0.001
|
0.976 (0.959, 0.993)
|
0.005
|
|
Zarit burden interview
| |
0.994 (0.977, 1.012)
|
0.523
| | |
|
Family conflict
|
|
Attitude towards patient
| |
0.971 (0.943, 0.999)
|
0.041
| | |
|
Attitude towards caregiver
| |
0.966 (0.938, 0.995)
|
0.021
| | |
|
Social support (instrumental)
|
|
FDW for general help
|
No
|
1.599 (1.076, 2.376)
|
0.020
| | |
|
FDW for stroke patient
|
No
|
0.455 (0.265, 0.781)
|
0.004
| | |
|
Social support (perceived)
| |
1.011 (0.984, 1.039)
|
0.427
| | |
|
Care management strategies
|
|
Positive strategies
| |
0.981 (0.969, 0.993)
|
0.002
| | |
|
Negative strategies
| |
0.995 (0.966, 1.024)
|
0.737
| | |
|
Patient factors
|
|
Age (in years)
| |
1.001 (0.989, 1.014)
|
0.827
| | |
|
Gender
|
Male
|
0.853 (0.643, 1.130)
|
0.268
| | |
|
Ethnicity
|
Non-Chinese
|
1.094 (0.836, 1.431)
|
0.515
| | |
|
Marital status
|
Single
|
1.254 (0.878, 1.792)
|
0.214
| | |
|
Ward class
|
Unsubsidized
|
1.437 (0.820, 2.516)
|
0.205
| | |
|
CCI
|
1 - 3
| |
0.593
| | |
|
4 - 6
| |
1.202 (0.844, 1.711)
| | |
|
>= 7
| |
1.175 (0.749, 1.842)
| | |
|
Stroke type
|
Non-ischemic
|
2.451 (1.337, 4.493)
|
0.004
|
2.327 (1.110, 4.876)
|
0.025
|
|
Recurrent stroke
|
No
|
0.827 (0.566, 1.209)
|
0.327
| | |
|
National Institute of Health Scale
|
Mild (0-4)
| |
<0.001
| | |
|
Moderately severe (5-14)
| |
0.594 (0.443, 0.797)
| | |
|
Severe (15-24)
| |
0.266 (0.098, 0.716)
| | |
|
Modified rankin scale
|
No or slight disability (0-2)
| | | | |
|
Moderate or severe disability (3-5)
| |
0.602 (0.462, 0.784)
|
<0.001
| | |
|
Mini-mental state examination
|
No cognitive impairment (24-30)
| |
<0.001
| | |
|
Mild cognitive impairment (18-23)
| |
0.696 (0.503, 0.965)
| | |
|
Severe cognitive impairment (1-17)
| |
0.422 (0.265, 0.671)
| | |
|
Discharge to community hospital
|
No
|
0.569 (0.398, 0.813)
|
0.002
| | |
|
Centre for epidemiological studies depression scale
| |
1.008 (0.985, 1.032)
|
0.495
| | |
- Abbreviations: IRR incidence rate ratio, aIRR adjusted incidence rate ratio, CI confidence interval, FDW foreign domestic worker
- aModel adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity and ward class of the patient
