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Variable
|
Reference category
|
Primary care visits (4 - 12 months)
|
|---|
|
IRR (95% CI)
|
P-value
|
aIRRa (95% CI)
|
P-value
|
|---|
|
Caregiver factors
|
|
Age (in years)
| |
1.005 (0.999, 1.011)
|
0.127
| | |
|
Gender
|
Male
|
0.978 (0.810, 1.180)
|
0.816
| | |
|
Ethnicity
|
Non-Chinese
|
0.981 (0.833, 1.154)
|
0.816
| | |
|
Marital status
|
Single
|
1.050 (0.860, 1.281)
|
0.633
| | |
|
Caregiver relationship
|
Spouse
| |
0.115
| | |
|
Adult-child
| |
0.989 (0.823, 1.187)
| | |
|
Sibling
| |
0.606 (0.355, 1.034)
| | |
|
Others
| |
1.248 (0.926, 1.682)
| | |
|
Comorbid conditions
|
None
| |
0.418
| | |
|
1
| |
1.124 (0.925, 1.365)
| | |
|
2
| |
1.093 (0.830, 1.441)
| | |
|
≥3
| |
0.869 (0.633, 1.194)
| | |
|
Co-residing with patient
|
No
|
1.218 (0.925, 1.604)
|
0.160
| | |
|
Caring for multiple care recipients
|
No
|
0.998 (0.847, 1.176)
|
0.980
| | |
|
Revised memory and behavior checklist
|
|
Memory problems
| |
0.988 (0.974, 1.003)
|
0.108
| | |
|
Depressive behavior problems
| |
0.980 (0.962, 0.999)
|
0.035
| | |
|
Disruptive behavior problems
| |
0.996 (0.974, 1.019)
|
0.714
| | |
|
Caregiver burden
|
|
Oberst caregiving burden scale
| |
0.989 (0.982, 0.995)
|
0.001
| | |
|
Zarit burden interview
| |
0.994 (0.983, 1.004)
|
0.232
| | |
|
Family conflict
|
|
Attitude towards patient
| |
0.978 (0.961, 0.995)
|
0.013
| | |
|
Attitude towards caregiver
| |
0.987 (0.970, 1.006)
|
0.173
| | |
|
Social support (instrumental)
|
|
FDW for general help
|
No
|
1.233 (0.988, 1.539)
|
0.064
| | |
|
FDW for stroke patient
|
No
|
0.681 (0.515, 0.901)
|
0.007
| | |
|
Social support (perceived)
| |
1.000 (0.984, 1.017)
|
0.987
| | |
|
Care management strategies
|
|
Positive strategies
| |
0.996 (0.989, 1.004)
|
0.332
| | |
|
Negative strategies
| |
0.995 (0.978, 1.013)
|
0.600
| | |
|
Patient factors
|
|
Age (in years)
| |
0.998 (0.991, 1.006)
|
0.686
| | |
|
Gender
|
Male
|
0.828 (0.696, 0.986)
|
0.034
| | |
|
Ethnicity
|
Non-Chinese
|
0.899 (0.764, 1.058)
|
0.199
| | |
|
Marital status
|
Single
|
1.148 (0.928, 1.419)
|
0.204
| | |
|
Ward class
|
Unsubsidized
|
1.137 (0.833, 1.551)
|
0.418
| | |
|
CCI
|
1 - 3
| |
0.002
| |
0.023
|
|
4 - 6
| |
1.526 (1.207, 1.928)
|
1.655 (1.152, 2.378)
|
|
>= 7
| |
1.471 (1.102, 1.963)
|
1.590 (0.999, 2.527)
|
|
Stroke type
|
Non-ischemic
|
1.805 (1.304, 2.497)
|
<0.001
|
1.867 (1.137, 3.066)
|
0.014
|
|
Recurrent stroke
|
No
|
0.893 (0.712, 1.120)
|
0.328
| | |
|
National Institute of Health Scale
|
Mild (0-4)
| |
<0.001
| |
0.010
|
|
Moderately severe (5-14)
| |
0.686 (0.575, 0.819)
|
0.649 (0.490, 0.859)
|
|
Severe (15-24)
| |
0.558 (0.360, 0.865)
|
0.813 (0.414, 1.596)
|
|
Modified rankin scale
|
No or slight disability (0-2)
| | | | |
|
Moderate or severe disability (3-5)
| |
0.724 (0.616, 0.851)
|
<0.001
| | |
|
Mini-mental state examination
|
No cognitive impairment (24-30)
| |
0.003
| | |
|
Mild cognitive impairment (18-23)
| |
1.086 (0.903, 1.307)
| | |
|
Severe cognitive impairment (1-17)
| |
0.679 (0.528, 0.874)
| | |
|
Discharge to community hospital
|
No
|
0.766 (0.628, 0.935)
|
0.009
| | |
|
Centre for epidemiological studies depression scale
| |
1.006 (0.992, 1.021)
|
0.387
| | |
- Abbreviations: IRR incidence rate ratio, aIRR adjusted incidence rate ratio, CI confidence interval, FDW foreign domestic worker
- aModel adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity and ward class of the patient
